African Energy Chamber (AEC)-Venezuela Alliance Accelerates Pathways into South-South Energy Expansion

Source: APO


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The African Energy Chamber (AEC) (https://EnergyChamber.org) and Venezuela have intensified coordination through high-level engagements in Brazzaville and Caracas, building on a structured cooperation roadmap linking the African Petroleum Producers’ Organization (APPO), Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) and Venezuelan diplomatic channels. The most recent meetings confirmed Venezuela’s formal status as a strategic non-African observer within APPO, expanding technical exchanges and policy alignment with African national oil companies (NOCs).

These developments underline a wider AEC strategy to integrate African energy institutions into global upstream markets while supporting long-term energy access goals. Through coordinated investment frameworks, knowledge transfer and join project pipelines, the Chamber is positioning African operators and financiers to participate in Venezuela’s oil and gas rehabilitation while reinforcing South-South energy cooperation and industrial capacity expansion.

Earlier this month in Brazzaville, the AEC engaged APPO and Venezuelan Ambassador Laura Suarez to deepen regulatory coordination and accelerate the African Energy Bank framework. Discussions centered on technical cooperation, upstream financing mechanisms and Venezuela’s observer role in APPO, reinforcing structured collaboration between African producers and Venezuela’s petroleum institutions for long-term project execution.

In March 2026, Venezuela sent a delegation to Cape Town for reciprocal engagement with the AEC following the Caracas mission. Led by Deputy Minister of Hydrocarbons Aruro Gil and Ambassador Carlos Feo Acevedo, the meetings focused on execution timelines for executive training, investment matchmaking and technical education programs tied to the agreements arranged in Caracas in February and emerging production participation contracts.

The AEC conducted its main working mission in Caracas in February this year, signing a landmark MoU with PDVSA and Venezuela’s energy ministries. AEC Executive Chairman NJ Ayuk met Acting President Delcy Rodriguez to align on upstream recovery, modular gas development and regulatory reform, establishing a structured cooperation framework covering investment promotion, technology transfer and workforce development.

Venezuela’s upstream system remains anchored by the Orinoco Belt, which holds roughly 303 billion barrels of extra-heavy crude and around 195 trillion cubic feet of gas. These resources sit across mature infrastructure-constrained basins requiring intensive upgrades, blending and diluent systems, making them structurally suited to long-term partnerships rather than short-cycle production models.

For African stakeholders, the commercial logic sits in shared capability gaps. African NOCs, service companies and financiers bring expertise in marginal field redevelopment, offshore engineering and modular LNG systems, aligning with Venezuela’s need for rapid well workovers, refinery rehabilitation and gas monetization. This creates a framework where technical execution, not just capital, becomes the binding constraint.

The AEC’s cooperation model emphasizes structured investment entry points through production participation contracts, joint ventures and export-linked financing structures. These mechanisms are designed to improve bankability by giving operators clearer export rights, pricing frameworks and operational autonomy, while maintaining state ownership of reserves. For African investors, regulatory predictability and contract durability are central to long-term participation.

At the institutional level, the partnership is increasingly framed around continuity, coordination and trust. African and Venezuelan stakeholders are prioritizing stable engagement channels, technical exchanges and joint planning rather than transactional deals. This includes coordinated training pipelines, shared data rooms and aligned upstream development strategies, reinforcing a broader South-South approach to energy security, capital mobilization and industrial resilience.

“The future of African energy lies in partnerships that respect sovereignty while unlocking shared value across borders. Venezuela represents a historic opportunity to align African capital, expertise and ambition with one of the world’s largest hydrocarbon endowments. Together, we are building a model where energy development directly translates into energy access, industrial growth and long-term prosperity,” says Ayuk.

The AEC-Venezuela partnerships signals a longer-term shift toward South-South energy integration, where coordinated investment, technical exchange and stable policy frameworks unlock production growth, capital flows and shared industrial development.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Energy Chamber.

World Health Organization (WHO) chief calls for ceasefire amid Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) Ebola outbreak

Source: APO


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The Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) headed to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) on Thursday as the country continues to combat a deadly resurgence of Ebola in its volatile eastern region where instability is rife. 

Ahead of his arrival, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus appealed to armed groups to declare a ceasefire so that health workers can reach people and halt spread of the disease. 

Since 15 May, UN agencies have been supporting the DRC and neighbouring Uganda to contain the outbreak caused by the rare Bundibugyo strain of the Ebola virus, for which there is no treatment. 

As of Wednesday, there were more than 900 suspected cases, 105 confirmed cases and 10 confirmed deaths in the DRC, while Uganda reported seven confirmed cases and one death. 

‘We are committed’ 

In a message to the people of DRC, particularly those in Ituri province – the epicentre of the crisis -Tedros underscored WHO’s solidarity. 

“We are working under the leadership of the Government of DRC, together with all relevant partners, united around one goal: to stop this outbreak and protect your communities,” he wrote.  

“No one is working alone. No one is working at cross purposes. We are coordinated, we are committed, and we are here.” 

Similar challenges 

This marks the 17th time that the DRC is facing Ebola since the virus was first discovered in 1976.  The largest outbreak – which spread across North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces – took place from 2018 to 2020. 

“Ebola is not new to me personally,” Tedros said, as during that epidemic he made 14 visits to North Kivu, the epicentre of that particular outbreak – “one of the most complex in history”. 

It unfolded amid armed conflict that sparked displacement and disrupted supply routes, with “health workers operating under constant threat”. At the same time, “mistrust ran deep,” he recalled.  

Heavy burden in Ituri 

Tedros noted that such challenges are not so different today in Ituri, where some 90 per cent of cases have been reported, with smaller numbers in the Kivus. He underscored the burden the people of the province are bearing. 

“You are already carrying so much: malaria, hunger, insecurity, and the daily struggle to keep your families safe. And now Ebola,” he said.  “It is not fair, and I will not pretend otherwise.” 

He highlighted the vital role of young people, urging them to talk to their friends and families and share what they know about Ebola in efforts to “help break the fear and the silence that allow this virus to spread.” 

Support for health workers 

Tedros also had a message for health workers in Ituri, who are “the backbone of this response.” WHO stands with them and is working to get the support they need. 

He acknowledged regional instability, where “conflict and displacement make everything harder, including reaching people who need care and keeping health workers safe.” 

Speaking frankly, Tedros said “this is one of our greatest challenges. We cannot do this work if those who are trying to help are prevented from doing so or put in danger,” adding that WHO is working closely with all relevant partners to reach communities. 

Ceasefire appeal 

“That is why today I am making a direct appeal to all warring parties in this region: please, declare a ceasefire. Even briefly. Even just enough to let health workers through,” he said. 

“People are dying from Ebola who do not have to die. Children are sick. Families are suffering. No cause, no conflict, no grievance is worth condemning innocent people to death from a preventable disease.” 

He stressed that “a ceasefire, even a temporary one, would save lives. I urge you, I implore you: give us the space to help the people who need it most.” 

Anger and mistrust 

Tedros also addressed the issue of anger and mistrust in some communities, saying he understands why. 

“Trust must be earned, it cannot be assumed,” he said. “We have not always done things correctly. But I promise you, we are here to learn as much as we are here to help.”  

He explained that most previous Ebola outbreaks in the DRC were caused by the Zaire virus strain, which can be treated.    

‘There is much we can do together’ 

Although no approved vaccines or treatments are currently available for the Bundibugyo strain, “there is much we can do together to prevent the spread of this virus and save lives,” he insisted. 

“Early supportive care in our treatment centres can make a real difference,” he said. “Coming forward early can make the difference between life and death. And everything we do, we will do with you.” 

Tedros noted that WHO teams are already on the ground and will stay there for as long as necessary.  

“And when this outbreak is over, we will not quietly disappear,” he said. “We will not forget you. We will stay, and we will keep working with you to build health systems that protect every person in every community.” 

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of UN News.

Hear Us, Act Now – United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) launches youth-led campaign for peace in Juba

Source: APO


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With one of the world’s youngest populations, youth in South Sudan are disproportionately impacted by conflict, losing their lives as well as access to education, health services, and professional opportunities.

To empower youth in the pursuit of peace, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan launched a campaign leveraging a global United Nations-led advocacy effort under the theme ‘Hear Us, Act Now’ that aims to give voice to youth.

Not just a mere get-together but a symbol of unity, the launch at the University of Juba was attended by around 150 students, youth, women, civil society representatives, academics, traditional authorities, and elders who participated in a vibrant conglomeration of debate, poetry, and music.

Youth leader, Babur Sokiri, used the event as an opportunity to denounce violence and turn a new page of peace and tranquility in his suburbs:

“As all of my community, I’ve lived in darkness for ages, so I want to testify to you that I have now decided to leave my old self and be a positive agent from now on.”

He urged the government and other organizations to create employment opportunities for young people, build recreational centers, and provide vocational training initiatives to reduce destructive behaviors.

Joining these sentiments, youth leader Mark Andaria emphasized that peace can only thrive in the absence of tribalism, hunger, and disease:

“We just need basic necessities to live in peace. It’s human nature that where essentials such as food, water, safety, and security are plenty, communities will be peaceful, and the youth are likely to shun violence.”

Senior UNMISS officials and authorities highlighted the importance of young people shaping a better future for themselves and their country.

“Too often, youth are excluded from political and peace processes which are the very spaces where solutions are shaped. Yet, they represent the country’s greatest hope for a successful transition from conflict to peace as a generation that has a real stake in building a better future for everyone,” said Mike Dzakuma, UNMISS Deputy Director of Civil Affairs.

Jacob Gore Samuel, Central Equatoria State’s Minister of Peacebuilding, stressed that young people are, not just leaders of tomorrow, but already protectors of today during many community conflicts.

“This campaign is the right platform to explicitly voice your concerns, explore ideas, and take practical actions to promote respect, unity, and understanding among our diverse ethnicities. Choose dialogue over fighting and love over hate,” he emphasized.

“Peace is not only the absence of war but the presence of justice, equality, cooperation, and willingness to help one another,” declared the Minister.

Concluding the dynamic and diverse exchanges, Maria Nyataba, a youth representative from a camp for displaced persons, urged her counterparts at all levels of society to resist participation in intercommunal feuds, and advance grassroots peace efforts:

“Strong peace must have fixed roots and foundation at the grassroot levels. If national politics foster divisions, resist them, and come together instead to build a peaceful society. It’s up to us to build brighter futures.”

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS).

Government publishes Sovereign Use of Proceeds Framework

Source: Government of South Africa

Government publishes Sovereign Use of Proceeds Framework

National Treasury has announced the publication of its Sovereign Use of Proceeds Framework, together with the accompanying Second Party Opinion. 

The Framework establishes the basis for the potential issuance of thematic sovereign funding instruments, including green bonds. 

“The publication of the Framework underscores the National Treasury’s commitment to developing South Africa’s sustainable finance market and mobilising capital towards economic growth and climate resilience.”

It has been developed with the support of Rand Merchant Bank and J.P. Morgan, together with their empowerment partners Theza Capital and Capital Link.

It defines eligible categories, governance arrangements, and reporting principles for useof-proceeds instruments aligning with international sustainable finance principles.

Any issuance under the Framework remains subject to internal readiness processes, including confirmation of a robust pipeline of eligible expenditures, operational reporting systems, and the establishment of appropriate governance structures.

Subject to these conditions, National Treasury may consider issuing ZAR- and USD-denominated instruments in line with its broader funding strategy, market conditions, and investor demand. 

National Treasury also intends to expand the Framework to accommodate sustainability-linked financing, providing flexibility to access both project-based and target-linked instruments over time

The Use of Proceeds Framework and the accompanying Second-Party Opinion are available on the National Treasury’s Investor Relations website: https://investor.treasury.gov.za/Publications/Sustainable%20Finance%20Frameworks/

SAnews.gov.za

 

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Deputy President on working visit to India to drive investment

Source: Government of South Africa

Deputy President on working visit to India to drive investment

Deputy President Paul Mashatile is undertaking a working visit to the Republic of India to engage with business leaders and investors and attract more investment for both countries.

“South Africa and India enjoy a long-standing relationship based on shared history, cultural ties, and a common vision of the world through a principled approach to non-alignment and support for the development of the Global South through the promotion of South-South partnerships,” the Presidency said.

Both South Africa and India are represented in many multilateral formations that promote this commitment to the development of the Global South.

These include membership of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), BRICS, the India, Brazil, and South Africa Dialogue Forum, Group Twenty (G20), and the Indian Ocean RIM Association.

The working visit will take place from 29 May 2026 to 3 June 2026. This will be Deputy President Mashatile’s second visit to India.

The last official visit by a South African Head of State took place in January 2019, when President Cyril Ramaphosa was the chief guest at India’s Republic Day celebrations.

“Through this working visit, Deputy President Mashatile is expected to strengthen bilateral relations with business leaders and investors from India through a roundtable discussion aimed at attracting more investment for both countries,” the Presidency said.

Deputy President Mashatile will be accompanied by the Minister of Health, Dr Aaron Motsoaledi; the Minister of Small Business Development, Stella Ndabeni; the Deputy Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Thandi Moraka; the Deputy Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation, Dr Nomalungelo Gina; and the Deputy Minister of Communications and Digital Technologies, Mondli Gungubele. –SAnews.gov.za

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Angola Rewrote the Rules for Oil Investment – Other African Producers Must Take Notes

Source: APO


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Angola’s oil sector has demonstrated how reform can transform a market on the cusp of rapid decline into an industry capable of attracting billions of dollars in investment. NJ Ayuk’s latest book titled Crude Oil: Power, Turnaround, and Transformation in Angola explores this transition, examining how targeted policy, structural reform and strategic leadership have turned the market around and placed Angola on a track toward growth, diversification and resilience.

Under the leadership of President João Manuel Gonçalves Lourenço and Diamantino Pedro Azevedo, Minister of Mineral Resources, Oil and Gas, the country embarked on a complete overhaul of the sector. Now, production is stabilizing, investment is rising and Angola’s oil industry is entering its most ambitious era yet. For other oil markets in Africa, Angola’s turnaround provides important lessons for countries looking to revitalize production through investor-focused reform and strategic policy.

Restructuring the Sector

Angola’s ability to curb production decline was largely attributed to changes implemented at a structural level. When President Lourenço took office in 2017, his administration focused on addressing the challenges that had plagued the oil industry over the years: lack of exploration and transparency. The government established an upstream regulator (the ANPG) and restructured the national oil company Sonangol.

The ANPG was tasked with overseeing the industry, therefore improving certainty, procedural clarity and licensing processes, while Sonangol was able to focus on its activities as an operator. As a result, Sonangol was able to expand its portfolio, work more closely with international partners and take steps toward a future IPO. For its part, the ANPG launched a multi-year licensing strategy, targeting 60 concessions, with 40 awarded to date.

Flexibility Brings Capital

Flexibility has been a significant investment driver in Angola. Under efforts to attract capital during times of market volatility, the government implemented its Permanent Offer Regime in 2021, allowing the country to proactively promote and negotiate concessions outside of traditional licensing structures. Blocks on permanent offer remain continuously available for companies to bid on, even after a round concludes. Between 2021 and 2023 alone, 27 blocks were awarded under this regime.

The country took it one step further, introducing policies targeting marginal fields and incremental production. Aimed at encouraging the development of fields considered less economically attractive, marginal field opportunities have created investment avenues for smaller independents, diversifying the country’s investment offering and supporting broader production growth.

The Incremental Production Decree – launched in 2024 – supports reinvestment in mature assets. Ayuk notes that the decree could enable the recovery of up to 500 million additional barrels of oil while extending the life of mature fields by up to 20 years. ExxonMobil made the first discovery under this decree in 2024 at the Likember-01 well at Block 15.

Diversification as a Strategic Priority

Angola’s success in revitalizing its hydrocarbon industry comes not from oil expansion alone, but from its ability to position natural gas as a strategic priority. With 11 trillion cubic feet of gas resources, the country has used reform to attract investment across the emerging gas value chain, supporting the transition from associated gas production to non-associated development.

While the Angola LNG plants has been operational since 2012, forays into non-associated development stand to strengthen feedstock, boost exports and strengthen the domestic gas market. A cornerstone of this shift was the Gas Monetization Law (2018) and Gas Master Plan (2025) – offering a clear blueprint for investing in the market. Since these policies, the New Gas Consortium brought the country’s first non-associated gas project online in 2026, while Azule Energy made the first dedicated gas discovery at Block 1/14.

Downstream Expansion and the IRDP

Angola’s turnaround transcends the upstream sector, with its commitment to strengthening its downstream market offering important lessons for African producers. With production stabilizing, the country moved to address its next challenge: refining. Despite producing above one million bpd, Angola imports 70% of its petroleum products.

To address this, the government established the Instituto Regulador dos Derivados do Petróleo and outlined goals to develop three new facilities beyond the operational Luanda plant – notably, Cabinda (operational since 2025), Lobito (seeking financing) and Soyo (in preparation). These moves reflect Angola’s broader strategy: capture more value domestically while reducing long-term dependence on imported fuels.

“Angola proved that African oil markets do not decline because resources disappear – they decline when policy becomes rigid, institutions weaken and investment loses confidence. What Angola achieved through reform, flexibility and political will is a lesson for every producing nation in Africa: if you create a competitive environment, capital will come, projects will move forward and production can recover,” states Ayuk.

Purchase your copy of the book here – https://apo-opa.co/4vk0G5x

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Energy Chamber.

Annual Meetings 2026 (AM2026): African Development Bank Group and World Economic Forum Partner to Unlock Investments in Africa’s Frontier Markets

Source: APO

The African Development Bank Group (www.AfDB.org) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) on Wednesday launched the Humanitarian and Resilience Investing (HRI) Roadmap for Africa to channel private investment into Africa’s most fragile economies.  

The HRI Roadmap for Africa sets out a coordinated, country-led approach to mobilising commercial and catalytic capital in underserved frontier markets and transition states, regions where the investment gap is most acute and the enabling conditions for private investment have historically been weakest.

The roadmap’s development responds to a structural paradox at the heart of Africa’s financing challenge: the continent faces an annual development financing gap of about $400 billion. Despite having 17 percent of the world’s population, Africa attracts only 3.5 percent of global foreign direct investment and less than 2 percent of global venture capital. Shifting geopolitical dynamics and contracting official development assistance environment have further intensified the urgency. Pilots are already underway in Liberia, Somalia, Mozambique, and Djibouti.

In keynote remarks, African Development Bank Group Senior Vice President Marie-Laure Akin-Olugbade, speaking on behalf of President Dr Sidi Ould Tah, underscored the urgency of the moment. “The time for a paradigm shift, from aid dependency to investment-led development, is now. The HRI Roadmap creates that foundation. It clarifies roles. It sequences interventions. It positions public and development finance where it belongs: as a catalyst, not a substitute.”

Ms. Sheba Crocker, Managing Director of the World Economic Forum; said: “The world’s most vulnerable communities deserve more than relief — they deserve investment in the businesses and economies that allow them to thrive on their own terms. Built on the global HRI initiative and backed by more than 100 partners, this Roadmap reflects our determination to move beyond fragmentation and toward the coordinated, investment-led approaches that Africa’s frontier markets urgently require.”

Acting Vice President for Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery, Dr Abdul Kamara, moderated a panel discussion on Catalysing Investment in Africa’s Frontier Markets that followed the high-level remarks. The panellists were WEF MD Sheba Crocker; Bihi Iman Egeh, Minister of Finance of Somalia; Chris Bold, Director, International Financial Institutions Department at the U.K’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO); and Sara Mbago-Bhunu, Director, East and Southern Africa Division, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).

Minister Egeh argued that Somalia does not lack entrepreneurship but suffers from de-risking gaps and exclusion from correspondent banking. Mbago-Bhunu drew on examples from IFAD’s work with smallholder farmers– including a digital-voucher scheme with Kenyan commercial banks– to make the case that rural and peri-urban implementation will require integrated financial, digital and infrastructure tools, not isolated interventions. Bold explained that FCDO is steering its development finance institutions toward fragile states that rely on concessional capital. He pointed to Kenya’s M-Pesa mobile money system as proof that creating new markets depends as much on regulatory reform as on capital.

Mr. Bumi Camara, African Development Bank Chief Fragility and Resilience Economist, made a presentation on the roadmap.https://apo-opa.co/3PM4dKI

The Roadmap, which embeds climate resilience and gender inclusion as core pillars, aligns with the African Development Bank’s Four Cardinal Points strategic compass as well as the New African Financial Architecture for Development (NAFAD), endorsed through the Abidjan Consensus in April 2026. It also aligns with the Bank’s Affirmative Finance Action for Women in Africa (AFAWA) — which to date has disbursed $1.33 billion to women-led businesses across 45 countries.

 Click to download a copy of the HRI Roadmap (https://apo-opa.co/4veVCz4)

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Development Bank Group (AfDB).

Media Contacts:
African Development Bank Group:
Olufemi Terry
Communication and External Relations Department
media@afdb.org

World Economic Forum:
communications@weforum.org
public.affairs@weforum.org

About the World Economic Forum:
The World Economic Forum is the leading international platform for public-private partnerships. It engages leaders from business, government, academia and civil society to advance dialogue around global, regional and industry agendas. (www.WEForum.org)

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2026 Annual Meetings: African development finance institutions unite in support of Mission 300

Source: APO


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Senior African finance leaders attending the African Development Bank Group’s Annual Meetings (www.AfDB.org) in Brazzaville have called for coordinated action to unlock an estimated $250 billion in assets held by the continent’s development finance institutions to support Mission 300 (https://apo-opa.co/4uCkocy), a joint initiative by the African Development Bank and the World Bank Group to connect 300 million Africans to electricity by 2030.

They made the call on Tuesday at a high-level side event moderated by Dr Daniel Schroth, the Bank’s Director for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency, on Mobilising African DFIs and Capital in Support of Mission 300, held at the Kintele International Conference Centre.

“On behalf of the President of BOAD, I am pleased to announce a commitment of BOAD in support of Mission 300 of 1,1 billion FCFA (approximately €1.7 million),” said Oumar Tembely, BOAD’s Director of Energy and Natural Resources. He spoke alongside senior officials from the Trade and Development Bank, Africa50, the African Guarantee Fund (AGF), Cygnum Capital, and the African Development Bank, who had gathered to examine proposals for a dedicated Mission 300 African DFI coalition.

Opening the session, African Development Bank Vice President Kevin Kariuki stressed the scale of the challenge. “No single institution can deliver the Mission 300 goal alone,” he said. “We need African capital to work more systematically for African development. That is why we are bringing together a Mission 300 African DFI Coalition.”

Mission 300 requires approximately $238 billion across the 30 countries in its first two implementation cohorts, with roughly half of that financing expected to come from the private sector. Speakers highlighted blended finance mechanisms, including the African Development Bank’s Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa, as essential tools for attracting private and institutional capital to energy projects.  The event also underscored the wider financing potential within African markets.

“There is $2.5 trillion sitting in the balance sheets of African commercial banks,” said Constant N’zi, Chief Executive Officer of the African Guarantee Fund. “The mandate of AGF is to unlock that capital to finance the economy.”

Panellists argued that development finance institutions possess strong local market knowledge, long-term financing capabilities and development mandates aligned with national priorities, yet face persistent barriers, including fragmented coordination, limited institutional capacity, and insufficient access to risk-mitigation instruments.

The proposed Mission 300 coalition aims to address those structural constraints while operating as a light coordination mechanism within the existing Development Partner Coordination Group, which already includes 35 bilateral and multilateral institutions. The initiative also aligns with the New African Financial Architecture for Development (NAFAD), championed by the African Development Bank.

Admassu Tadesse, Group President and Managing Director of the Trade and Development Bank, reaffirmed his institution’s support for the initiative. “Mission 300 is an initiative that we have been subscribed to from day one,” he said.

The discussion in Brazzaville reflected a growing momentum among African development finance institutions to play a more central role in financing the continent’s infrastructure and energy priorities, including the Mission 300 initiative.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Development Bank Group (AfDB).

Contact:
Frederica Lourenço
Communication and External Relations
media@afdb.org

Annual Meetings 2026 (AM2026): African Development Bank (AfDB) 2025 Trade Finance Report Highlights Resilience of African Financial Institutions After Covid-19

Source: APO – Report:

The fifth edition of the African Development Bank’s (www.AfDB.org) Trade Finance Report paints a picture of resilient African financial institutions in the post Covid-19 years, despite a challenging global environment.

Download Report: https://apo-opa.co/4uNLXj6

The 2025 Trade Finance Report, which provides an updated assessment of Africa’s trade finance landscape over the 2020–2024 period following the COVID-19 pandemic, was released on Wednesday, during the Bank Group’s 2026 Annual Meetings, taking place in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.

The report examines trade finance from a bank-intermediation perspective, filling important knowledge gaps while introducing new dimensions such as digitalization and environmental sustainability. It also, for the first time, quantifies the contribution of Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) to trade finance on the continent.

Presenting the report, Anthony Simpasa, Director of the Macroeconomic Policy, Forecasting and Research Department at the African Development Bank, said unmet demand for trade finance declined by nearly 10% between 2019 and 2024, supported by strong interventions from multilateral development banks, governments, export credit agencies, and global banks. These interventions were critical in sustaining trade flows, with estimates suggesting that, in the absence of DFI support, the annual trade finance gap could have exceeded $100 billion during the 2020-2024 period.

“Renewed geopolitical tensions and disruptions to global supply chains and trade flows could reverse post-pandemic progress in narrowing the trade finance gap. For instance, tighter correspondent risk appetite could widen the trade finance gap to $86.6-$102.6 billion by 2027 under a moderate to severe scenario. This is at least 17.7 % above the 2024 level, potentially erasing a decade of gains,” Simpasa cautioned.

The report launch event was attended by policymakers, private-sector leaders, Development Finance Institutions (DFIs), Financial Institutions, and trade finance experts from across the continent.

Some highlights of the report:

  • The unmet demand for trade finance in Africa ranged from $74 billion to $92 billion in 2024. The estimated gap of $ 74 billion represents 5.4% of the region’s total merchandise trade value in 2024.
  • African trade remains underserved by commercial banks. Over the five years of the study, commercial banks intermediated an average of 23% of Africa’s total trade, down from 40% during 2011-19.
  • Between 2020 and 2024, intra-African trade accounted for 34% of total bank-intermediated trade, representing an 89 percent increase above pre-pandemic levels (2011-2019).
  • Foreign exchange liquidity shortages have become the primary barrier limiting banks’ growth in trade finance. About 36% of banks cited limited foreign exchange liquidity as the primary constraint to their trade finance growth between 2020 and 2024, compared with 18% in the 2015-2019 period.
  • The adoption of digital trade finance solutions by banks remains low, primarily due to high implementation costs and inadequate technological infrastructure. Only 28% of the banks surveyed reported having adopted digital tools or platforms for their trade finance operations.

In a short panel discussion following the launch, Didier Acouetey, Senior Advisor to African Development Bank President Sidi Ould Tah for the Private Sector, Francisca Tatchouop Belobe, Commissioner for Economic Development, Trade, Tourism, Industry and Minerals for the  African Union Commission, Admassu Tadesse, Group President and Managing Director, Trade and Development Bank; and Mehdi Tanani, Regional Director for Central Africa, Proparco, discussed the report’s findings, noting opportunities and challenges to unlocking sustainable bank-intermediated trade finance in Africa.

Although trade finance remains a major constraint for most of Africa, exciting innovations are gaining ground, such as digitization, guarantees and asset management initiatives to expand the trade finance asset class and related offerings to the market, Tadesse said. “This should be advanced further by new systemic initiatives such as New African Financial Architecture for Development (NAFAD) and related thrusts such as derisking and smart partnerships that should multiply the impact of African capital and unlock more global capital,” he added.

“NAFAD gives us, for the first time, a coherent continental framework to close the trade finance gap — not project by project, but systemically. That is the shift that changes everything for African SMEs,” Acouetey noted.

Commissioner Belobe called for eliminating the ‘missing middle’ in African banking. “SMEs are too large for microfinance, too small for corporate banking, but far too commercially important to be left outside the trade finance system. It is time for commercial banks to treat SME trade finance as a deliberate, core business line, not a residual activity,” he said.

“Africa will not close its trade finance gap by adding constraints, but by building a more resilient, more digital, and more sustainable trade finance ecosystem — one that protects SMEs against global shocks while accelerating the continent’s economic integration,” Tanani said.

The African Development Bank and other DFIs have played a significant role in reducing the trade finance gap in Africa. Development finance institutions facilitated about $32 billion in trade finance annually between 2020 and 2024, accounting for about 3% of Africa’s total merchandise trade on average over the same period.

The African Development Bank’s Trade Finance Program was established in 2013, with an inaugural survey conducted in 2014. Since 2014, AfDB has produced 4 periodic surveys, including two country-specific reports on Kenya and Tanzania.

Read the full report here https://apo-opa.co/4uNLXj6.

– on behalf of African Development Bank Group (AfDB).

Contact:
Amba Mpoke-Bigg
Communication and External Relations Department
Email: media@afdb.org.

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Turtles finally have a place in the tree of life: X-ray study of South African fossils was a decider

Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Valentin Buffa, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Palaeontology, University of Zurich

The origin of turtles has always been a bit of a puzzle for scientists who study the evolution of animals. To this day, where they fit in the tree of life remains a highly debated topic.

The evolutionary relationships of most vertebrate groups are well understood. Thanks to genetic and morphological (anatomical, body shape) data, even animals with highly specialised skeletons can be clearly placed on the animal family tree. Examples include whales or birds.

Turtles, however, have long remained an exception. Genetic studies identify them as relatives of the so-called archosaurs. This is a group that includes modern birds and crocodiles as well as extinct reptiles like dinosaurs and pterosaurs. But the fossil record seemed to tell a different story. Living turtles and their fossil relatives were so specialised that they offered few clues that would link even the oldest turtle fossils to other reptile groups. Or so scientists thought.

Our international team of palaeontologists has now provided a comprehensive reassessment of the turtle’s place in the animal world. Our analysis sheds new light on the relationships among primitive turtles. It confirms that Eunotosaurus africanus, a fossil from South Africa and Malawi, which was presumed to be a “proto-turtle”, is not a direct ancestor of modern turtles. Instead, this animal is very distantly related to modern reptiles, finding its deep root among much older reptilian ancestors that have no modern representatives.

Based on anatomy, the phylogenetic analysis also provides the first robust support from fossil studies for the close relationship between turtles and the archosaur (bird-crocodilian) lineage.

For more than 20 years, genetic data and anatomical data reached different conclusions about the relationships of turtles. Now they agree.

Comparing reptile anatomy

Fifteen researchers from South Africa, the US, UK, France and Germany participated in the study. Their combined expertise included:

  • computed tomography (CT) technology (advanced x-rays)

  • reptilian anatomy and phylogenetics

  • Permo-Triassic stratigraphy (the study of rock layers where fossils are found).

The combination was critical to obtain these groundbreaking results. Collection staff from the Evolutionary Studies Institute, Iziko South African Museum, National Museum, Albany Museum and Council for Geoscience in South Africa were also instrumental in enabling access to the specimens.

The team painstakingly compiled anatomical comparisons across more than 200 fossil reptile species. We hoped to find previously overlooked similarities between early shelled turtles, their shell-less predecessors, and other early reptiles. Comparisons of the bones that frame the brain cavity were particularly important. These couldn’t previously be seen by scientists, but with powerful CT scanning methods their anatomy was laid bare.

Paleoartistic reconstruction of a pair of Eunotosaurus africanus. Artist: Gabriel Ugueto, Author provided (no reuse)

Particularly surprising was what we learned about Eunotosaurus africanus, a 30cm-long burrowing reptile that lived in southern Africa some 260 million years ago. Previous studies considered it as the oldest known member of the turtle family, or a “proto-turtle”. Its broadened trunk and wide ribs looked something like a turtle shell. We studied almost all of the material of Eunotosaurus available in South African collections to address this idea once again.

Our working group at the Evolutionary Studies Institute studies some of the oldest rock layers from the Karoo Basin of South Africa, where Eunotosaurus is found. If Eunotosaurus was indeed a “proto-turtle”, we’d expect to find the forerunners of living lizards, crocodiles or birds (that is, reptiles) in these same layers. Paradoxically, we’ve found no other close relatives of modern reptiles at all. This made us suspect that even if turtles are ancient relatives of living birds and crocodilians, perhaps Eunotosaurus was no “proto-turtle” at all.

One breakthrough was reconstructing the bones of the braincase (housing the brain and ear) from high-resolution x-ray images of fossil and living reptiles. By peering inside the skull of Eunotosaurus, and comparing its bones with those of undisputed fossil turtles, we could see previously out-of-reach aspects of their anatomy for the first time.

These x-ray scans revealed the very primitive anatomy of Eunotosaurus. For example, it has bones in the back of the skull that were lost in turtles and all living reptiles. Features like a slender ear bone (the stapes) and the hooked fifth toe that are present in many living reptiles and other fossil turtles were completely lacking in Eunotosaurus. In contrast, the braincase of unambiguous fossil turtles, such as Proganochelys quenstedti, shared a suite of characteristics that are found in the ancestors of crocodilians and birds, but absent in Eunotosaurus.

These lines of evidence provides firm anatomical support that turtles are the closest living relatives of archosaurs. When Eunotosaurus was considered a “proto-turtle”, many of these features were considered to have evolved independently in the turtle lineage. Now, we show that turtles share these features with their archosaur relatives because they inherited them from a common ancestor.

Eunotosaurus fossil. Author provided (no reuse)

These new results now place the origin of turtles where it fits better with both fossil and genetic data. When geneticists study living turtles, they compare their DNA to modern birds, crocodiles and lizards to infer evolutionary relationships. Our fossil findings now align with what those genetic comparisons have been suggesting all along: turtles branched off from the same ancestor that gave rise to crocodiles and birds.

Instead of being a living group of relics with ancestors present in the Middle Permian, turtles, like other modern reptiles, diversified and evolved their shell in the Triassic Period, approximately 20 million years after Eunotosaurus was already extinct.

With turtles now firmly placed among their closest living relatives, palaeontologists will need to reassess other long-standing questions about reptile evolution. Advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography should now be applied to other enigmatic fossil groups, potentially clarifying their evolutionary relationships.

Our work highlights the fact that overlooked early reptile fossils, particularly those found in the South African fossil record, may hold the key to understanding reptile relationships.

– Turtles finally have a place in the tree of life: X-ray study of South African fossils was a decider
– https://theconversation.com/turtles-finally-have-a-place-in-the-tree-of-life-x-ray-study-of-south-african-fossils-was-a-decider-282871