H.E. the Minister of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation Participates in Ministerial Opening Session of Egypt-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Trade and Investment Forum

Source: APO – Report:

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H.E. Dr. Rania Al-Mashat participated in the ministerial opening session of the Egypt-GCC Trade and Investment Forum, which focused on “Prospects for Trade and Investment Relations between the Arab Republic of Egypt and GCC Countries.” The session aimed to review the investment environment in Egypt and the GCC, highlight key developments and supportive legislation, strengthen strategic partnerships between public and private sector representatives, discuss challenges to investment flows, and outline the future of investment cooperation in line with Egypt’s and the GCC countries’ long-term visions.

The session was attended by Eng. Karim Badawi, Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources; Mr. Mohamed Gabr, Minister of Labor; Mr. Mohamed Abdelrahman Al-Hawi, Undersecretary, UAE Ministry of Investment; Mr. Abdullah bin Ali Al-Dubaikhi, Assistant Minister of Investment, Saudi Arabia; Ms. Ibtisam bint Ahmed Al-Farouji, Undersecretary, Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Investment Promotion, Oman; Mr. Mohamed Hassan Al-Malaki, Undersecretary, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Qatar; and was chaired by Dr. Alaa Ezz, Secretary-General, African and European Chambers of Commerce.

In her speech, H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat expressed her pleasure in participating in this important forum, highlighting the depth of historical ties and brotherly relations between Egypt and GCC countries, which are based on mutual trust, shared vision, and complementary interests. She emphasized that Egypt and the Gulf countries have promising and complementary capabilities to enhance regional economic security and that Gulf investments remain the largest in Egypt, with opportunities across multiple sectors supported by economic reform policies.

H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat noted that the forum comes at a critical time amid rapid regional and global economic and geopolitical changes, requiring deeper strategic partnerships to enhance economic integration and develop shared value chains. She emphasized that Egypt-GCC cooperation establishes strong links across Asian and African markets while strengthening regional value chains.

The minister highlighted that Egypt and GCC countries have complementary economic and investment strengths that enable the creation of sustainable partnerships. GCC countries remain Egypt’s leading regional investment partner and one of the largest sources of foreign direct investment in energy, real estate, financial services, tourism, and agriculture.

She added that this long-standing successful partnership can be deepened to align with shared priorities and emerging global and regional developments, particularly following Egypt’s structural, economic, and financial reforms. She emphasized that Egypt adopts an approach that empowers the private sector while redefining the state’s role in economic activity, and that the Egyptian economy continues to recover and grow despite regional and international challenges, with tourism, industry, and telecommunications leading future growth.

H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat reviewed Egypt’s positive economic indicators, which reflect robust performance and continuous recovery. She noted that Egypt’s GDP growth reached approximately 5% in Q4 FY 2024/2025, compared to 2.4% during the same period the previous year—the highest quarterly growth rate in three years. This contributed to an annual growth rate of around 4.4%, up from 2.4%, reflecting the resilience of Egypt’s economy in facing external shocks, supported by policies promoting macroeconomic stability, improved governance of public investment expenditure, and enhanced private sector participation through continued structural reform implementation.

H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat confirmed that the Egyptian economy has demonstrated resilience and recovery in response to successive external shocks, reflecting the success of government policies in enhancing macroeconomic stability, improving governance of public investment expenditure, and supporting the private sector, in line with the national structural reform program.

She highlighted that the structure and sources of growth demonstrate Egypt’s economic strengths, driven by key sectors including tourism, industry, and telecommunications/IT, which form essential pillars for future development.

H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat underlined that Egypt has adopted a new economic model through “Egypt’s Narrative for Economic Development: Reforms for Growth, Jobs & Resilience,” based on three pillars: ensuring macroeconomic stability as a prerequisite for sustainable growth, structural transformation toward tradable sectors including industry, tourism, agriculture, energy, and IT, and redefining the role of the state to empower and incentivize the private sector. The narrative provides a framework for the success of both domestic and foreign investments, particularly those from Gulf countries.

She also noted that the “Hafiz” platform provides an integrated digital bridge linking private sector institutions with development partners, offering financial, technical, advisory, and capacity-building services. This enhances the business environment and facilitates access to financing and initiatives locally and internationally. Since 2020, the private sector has received around USD 16 billion in concessional financing.

H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat concluded by expressing confidence that the forum represents a new step in strengthening Egypt-GCC partnerships, supporting an integrated and sustainable Arab economy based on innovation, investment, and capacity integration. She emphasized that the Egypt-GCC Forum marks the launch of efforts to activate institutional frameworks for cooperation between Egypt and the Gulf countries.

She also highlighted that experiences of cooperation with the UAE, Oman, and Bahrain represent a blend of shared expertise and integrated practices, which can be leveraged to implement economic initiatives quickly and strengthen partnerships. Egypt is working with its partners through joint committees to activate institutions effectively and translate ideas into practical steps that enhance economic and investment cooperation.

– on behalf of Ministry of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation – Egypt.

Beni : Mission de l’Organisation des Nations unies en République démocratique du Congo (MONUSCO) réhabilite le tribunal militaire de garnison

Source: Africa Press Organisation – French


La MONUSCO a remis au tribunal militaire de garnison de Beni les ouvrages récemment réhabilités dans le cadre d’un projet à impact rapide (QIP) de la section d’Appui à la justice. Financé à hauteur de 46 000 dollars américains, ce projet a permis de moderniser et de sécuriser les installations du tribunal.

La cérémonie de remise officielle s’est tenue le 10 novembre 2025 à Beni, chef-lieu provisoire du Nord-Kivu, en présence de plusieurs responsables du secteur judiciaire. Il y a quelques années, le tribunal, qui abritait également l’auditorat militaire de garnison, avait été la cible d’attaques de la part de rebelles ADF et de miliciens Mai-Mai.

Les travaux ont porté sur la construction d’une clôture, la réhabilitation de la salle d’audience, des cellules de détention, du système de plomberie et des bureaux.
« La remise de ce projet, fruit d’un partenariat fructueux entre la MONUSCO et l’État congolais, en particulier son département judiciaire à Beni, marque un tournant. La sécurisation du tribunal militaire de garnison, symbole de l’effectivité de l’État de droit et de la justice, s’avère indispensable dans un contexte sécuritaire sensible. Désormais, les acteurs judiciaires et les justiciables disposent d’un cadre sain, sécurisé et conforme aux normes nationales et internationales », a déclaré Foli Somado-Hemazro, représentant du chef du sous-bureau de la MONUSCO à Beni.

Meilleures conditions de travail

Les magistrats ont salué cet accompagnement, qui leur permettra d’exercer leurs fonctions dans de meilleures conditions. « Nous avons désormais une clôture qui sécurise le tribunal, des cellules de détention séparées pour femmes et hommes et deux toilettes pour chacun. Les installations hygiéniques et la salle d’audience ont été entièrement réaménagées. Avant, lorsque nous recevions des prévenus, nous devions les transférer à la police ou à l’ANR faute d’espace adapté. Aujourd’hui, ils peuvent rester ici jusqu’à l’audience, voire y passer la nuit en cas de retard. Pendant les audiences, nous étions souvent exposés au bruit et à la poussière, ce qui perturbait le travail. Avec cette réhabilitation, nous disposons enfin d’un environnement calme et sécurisé », a indiqué le colonel magistrat Guy Pamphile Nyembo, président du tribunal militaire de garnison de Beni.

Ce projet s’inscrit dans les efforts de la MONUSCO pour appuyer les institutions judiciaires congolaises et favoriser un meilleur accès à la justice et, ce, au service des populations du Nord-Kivu.

Distribué par APO Group pour Mission de l’Organisation des Nations unies en République démocratique du Congo (MONUSCO).

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, New Ground Research Organize High‑Level Event on Granada Declaration

Source: Government of Qatar

Doha, November 10, 2025

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in collaboration with New Ground Research, convened a high-level session titled: “The Granada Declaration: A Unified Framework to Combat Islamophobia and Antisemitism”.

The event took place as part of the Second World Summit for Social Development held in Doha.

Addressing the session, top‑rung participating experts underscored that this declaration represents a precedent, as it sets forth a framework of principles to combat Islamophobia and Antisemitism together. It also creates a vital platform for practical application to confront these issues across multiple fields, including education, human rights, and other relevant sectors.

They provided thorough explanations of the Granada Declarations principles and how it complements existing efforts to combat racial discrimination and hatred.

The declaration enhances the enforcement of relevant UN resolutions across various fields. It also establishes an effective framework to counter attempts to leverage racial rhetoric to pit Jewish and Islamic communities against one another through cultural, religious, or racial allegations.

HE Minister of Inclusion, Social Security, and Migration in the Kingdom of Spain, Elma Saiz Delgado, stressed the importance of this event in promoting social inclusion and achieving justice. She noted that the initiative aligns with Spains enduring values in combating racism.

HE Director of the Policy and Planning Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dr. Khalid bin Fahad Al Khater, discussed the path of advancing New Ground Researchs efforts that culminated in the Granada Declaration.

He clarified that the institution held its fourth annual roundtable to combat Islamophobia and Antisemitism in Granada, Spain, following previous meetings in Doha.

The declaration helps refute allegations and policies premised on the notion of an inevitable confrontation or conflict between Muslims and Jews.

It comes at a sensitive time, during which Muslim and Jewish communities worldwide are witnessing escalating racial practices targeted against them.

For his part, HE Ambassador of the Kingdom of Spain to the State of Qatar, Alvaro Renedo Zalba, emphasized the urgent need to combat these two manifestations amid todays close international ties.

He commended the selection of Granada for the declarations designation, highlighting the citys civilizational legacy as a symbol of coexistence and dialogue among diverse cultures.

Notably, New Ground Research plans to circulate this declaration at the upcoming Doha forum, marking an additional step toward deepening effective international cooperation.

This effort aims to create a new foundation for understanding and reducing racial and hate rhetoric toward Muslim and Jewish communities worldwide.

At Chad’s fragile Sudan border, United Nations (UN) and partners redouble connectivity drive for refugees and hosts

Source: APO


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UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, and ITU, the UN agency for digital technologies, are expanding efforts with partners in Chad and other refugee-hosting countries to ensure that millions of forcibly displaced people and local communities are connected by 2030.

Wrapping up a two-day joint visit to Chad on Friday, ITU Secretary-General Doreen Bogdan-Martin, President of the GSMA Mobile for Development Foundation John Giusti and UNHCR Deputy High Commissioner Kelly T. Clements saw first-hand how connectivity is transforming the lives of vulnerable communities. Across the country, Sudanese refugees and Chadians are using digital tools to access education, financial services and health care – taking steps toward greater stability and self-reliance.

While in Chad, the partners sought to cement the regulatory and infrastructure framework to expand the Connectivity for Refugees (CfR) initiative. Launched in 2023 during the Global Refugee Forum as a pledge to mobilize resources so all major refugee hosting areas have available and affordable connectivity by 2030, it has evolved into a private-public partnership active in countries including Chad, Ethiopia, Uganda, Mauritania, Egypt, and Rwanda. Each programme is tailored to local needs, mapping communities most in need to expand connectivity.

“In Chad, we witnessed first-hand how connectivity can restore dignity and hope for displaced people and host communities,” said ITU’s Bogdan-Martin. “The Connectivity for Refugees initiative opens doors to digital opportunity in places where connection to the Internet is a lifeline, not a luxury. Now more than ever, we must act and extend that lifeline so that no one is left behind.”

“Too many people view refugees as passive victims, but we saw in Chad their drive to connect, to learn and enhance their lives and future prospects,” said UNHCR’s Clements. “Our goal is ambitious – connecting 20 million forcibly displaced people and their hosts by 2030. We’ve shifted gears and are starting to deliver results which will help create resilient, inclusive communities. But we need to keep pushing.”

Chad is home to around 1.5 million refugees, mainly Sudanese. Its government is committed to digital inclusion through its development plan, Tchad Connexion 2030, which integrates refugee needs into the broader digital infrastructure. Local mobile operators Airtel Chad and Moov have made infrastructure upgrades to help connect the isolated east of the country. Emergency.LU, a public-private partnership funded by Luxembourg enabling high-performance satellite connectivity, is being deployed across several locations in Chad. Four connected centres are being established in Djabal, Farchana, Idrimi and Oure Cassoni settlements, serving as learning hubs for Sudanese refugees and host communities alike.

UNHCR is calling on partners across sectors to help scale up this work to meet the urgent needs of millions. This includes expanding infrastructure and lifting regulatory barriers to individual access for displaced people. To achieve this, Connectivity for Refugees is seeking at least $20 million in core support, with at least $200 million in direct investment and contributions. 

Driving global efforts to bridge the digital divide, ITU works with telecom regulators and industry leaders to develop innovative digital solutions for underserved regions. Its Partner2Connect Digital Coalition has mobilized commitments from over 70 governments, companies and other organizations to unlock connectivity solutions for refugees, while its Disaster Connectivity Map provides critical data to guide interventions in crisis-stricken regions like Chad.

The GSMA is a founding member of the Connectivity for Refugees Initiative, serving as a bridge between mobile network operators and humanitarian organizations. GSMA’s Giusti added: “Connectivity is often the first thing people ask for when crossing a border seeking safety. This unique partnership with UNHCR and ITU allows the GSMA to broker scalable and sustainable connectivity solutions to support forcibly displaced people and the communities that host them around the world.”

UNHCR is also deepening its engagement with development actors like the World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC), seeking to allocate portions of large-scale digital infrastructure projects to refugee-hosting areas.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

Refugee camps set to be uninhabitable by 2050 as extreme weather worsens

Source: APO


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At least 117 million people have been displaced by war, violence and persecution, the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) said on Monday, while highlighting how much their plight is tied to the growing climate crisis.

“Whether it is floods sweeping South Sudan and Brazil, record-breaking heat in Kenya and Pakistan, or water shortages in Chad and Ethiopia, extreme weather is pushing already fragile communities to the brink,” the UN agency said.

Over the past decade, weather-related disasters accounted for 250 million internal displacements, the equivalent of around 70,000 every day, or two displacements every three seconds. Returns to Syria and Afghanistan this year have contributed to lower global displacement than in 2024. 

Frontline struggle

In a new reportUNHCR also pointed out that three in four of all those who’ve been uprooted now live in countries where frontline communities face “high-to-extreme” exposure to climate-related hazards.

“Extreme weather is putting people’s safety at greater risk; it is disrupting access to essential services, destroying homes and livelihoods and forcing families – many who have already fled violence – to flee once more,” said Filippo Grandi, the outgoing UN High Commissioner for Refugees.

“These are people who have already endured immense loss, and now they face the same hardships and devastation again. They are among the hardest hit by severe droughts, deadly floods and record-breaking heatwaves, yet they have the fewest resources to recover.”

Protection system strung out

Around the world, basic survival systems for refugees are already under strain, UNHCR warned.

In parts of flood-affected Chad, for instance, newly arrived refugees fleeing the war in neighbouring Sudan receive fewer than 10 litres of water a day, which is far below emergency standards.

Evidence also indicates that by 2050, the hottest refugee camps could face nearly 200 days of extreme heat stress per year, with serious risks to health and survival.

“Many of these locations are likely to become uninhabitable due to the deadly combination of extreme heat and high humidity,” the UN refugee agency maintained.

African land degradation threat

It noted that 1.2 million refugees returned home in early 2025 but half of this number arrived in “climate-vulnerable” areas. Meanwhile, UNHCR also noted that a full 75 per cent of land across the continent of Africa is deteriorating and that more than one in two refugee settlements are located in “high stress” areas.

“This is shrinking access to food, water and income,” the UN agency insisted, driving recruitment to armed groups in parts of the Sahel, fuelling conflict and repeated displacement.

Despite rising needs, funding shortfalls and what UNHCR calls “a deeply inequitable climate finance system” have left millions unprotected. Today, conflict-affected countries that host refugees receive only one quarter of the climate finance they need, while the vast majority of global climate funding never reaches displaced communities or their hosts.

“Funding cuts are severely limiting our ability to protect refugees and displaced families from the effects of extreme weather,” Mr. Grandi said, speaking on the opening day of the UN COP30 climate summit in Belem, Brazil.

“If we want stability, we must invest where people are most at risk,” the UNHCR chief added. “To prevent further displacement, climate financing needs to reach the communities already living on the edge. They cannot be left alone. This COP must deliver real action, not empty promises.”

Key UNHCR report findings:

•    Three in every four refugees or people displaced by conflict are currently living in countries facing high-to-extreme exposure to climate-related hazards.
•    1.2 million refugees returned home in early 2025, half to climate-vulnerable areas.
•    75 per cent of land in Africa is deteriorating, with over half of refugee settlements in high-stress areas.
•    Nearly all current refugee settlements will face an unprecedented rise in hazardous heat. By 2050, the hottest fifteen refugee camps in the world – located in Gambia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Senegal and Mali – are projected to face nearly 200 days or more of hazardous heat stress per year.
•    By 2040, the number of countries facing extreme climate hazards could rise from three to 65.
•    Since April 2023, nearly 1.3 million people fleeing the conflict in Sudan have sought refuge in South Sudan and Chad, two countries among the least equipped to cope with the growing climate emergency.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of UN News.

Sri Lanka Participates in the United Nations Day Celebration at the University of Seychelles

Source: APO


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The High Commission of Sri Lanka in Seychelles participated in the United Nations Day celebrations held on 24 October 2025 at the Anse Royale Campus of the University of Seychelles.

The event, organized by the University of Seychelles, featured a range of cultural performances as well as stalls offering traditional cuisine and beverages from various countries. At the invitation of the University, the Sri Lankan community also took part in the programme.

A traditional Sri Lankan Kandyan dance performance served as one of the highlights of the celebration, drawing notable admiration from attendees. Additionally, a Sri Lankan culinary stall showcased an assortment of traditional dishes, including milk rice and a selection of sweet meats, which were warmly received and enjoyed by many participants. These contributions enriched the cultural diversity of the event and highlighted Sri Lanka’s vibrant heritage.

The High Commission extends its sincere appreciation to the University of Seychelles for the opportunity to contribute to this meaningful celebration of cultural diversity and multilateral cooperation.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Employment & Tourism – Sri Lanka.

Call for enhanced disability inclusion across all sectors

Source: Government of South Africa

The Department of Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities (DWYPD) has reiterated its call for strengthened disability inclusion across all sectors of society.

“Persons with disabilities must be meaningfully involved in policy development, planning, budgeting, and programme implementation,” Department spokesperson Cassius Selala said.

Selala said ensuring the rights, dignity, and full participation of persons with disabilities is both a constitutional obligation and a cornerstone of South Africa’s transformative development agenda.

“Persons with disabilities, both in South Africa and across the globe, remain at the bottom of the ladder of socio-economic power and remain most vulnerable to violence.”

The department stressed that empowering people with disabilities across all sectors, is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to equality, inclusion, and human rights.

This includes advancing accessible built environments, inclusive education, equitable employment and economic participation, access to assistive devices and support services, and strengthened social protection systems.

The department said disability inclusion requires a whole-of-society approach, ensuring that the rights of persons with disabilities are mainstreamed across all spheres to prevent further marginalisation and exclusion from all processes of “decision-making, participation and beneficiation.”

As South Africa observe Disability Rights Awareness Month, the department called upon every member of society and all stakeholders to actively reflect on their roles and assess their achievements, identify the gaps, and confront the challenges in pursuit of true inclusivity for individuals with disabilities.

“Let us commit to taking decisive action to ensure that every person is recognised, valued, and empowered,” Selala said.

This year’s (DRAM) is commemorated under the theme: “Celebrating 30 Years of Democracy: Creating Strategic Multisectoral Partnerships for a Disability-Inclusive Society”, a call to action for government, business, academia and civil society to work collaboratively to remove barriers that continue to marginalise people with disabilities. – SAnews.gov.za
 

Department of Home Affairs conducts an Outreach Programme in Limpopo

Source: Government of South Africa

Monday, November 10, 2025

Home Affairs Deputy Minister Njabulo Nzuza will on Tuesday embark on an outreach programme in the Dannhauser Local Municipality, in KwaZulu-Natal.

The Deputy Minister will be joined by Dannhauser Local Municipality Mayor Bongani Hadebe.

“The programme is part of the department’s efforts to accelerate service delivery and bring essential services closer to communities,” the Department of Home Affairs said in a statement. 

A key highlight of the visit will be the official handover of birth certificates to successful applicants of the Late Registration of Birth (LRB) process, which forms part of the department’s ongoing campaign to end invisibility and ensure that all citizens are accounted for in the National Population Register.

Part of the programme will focus on an ID drive for the upcoming elections.

“Several government departments are expected to support of the programme. This initiative underscores government’s commitment to restoring dignity for all, improving access to services and ensuring that no child or adult remains undocumented,” the department said. – SAnews.gov.za

300 grievances registered at Public Service Commission

Source: Government of South Africa

The Public Service Commission has registered 300 grievances, including 112 carried-over from the previous financial year, as at 30 September 2025.

The majority of the 300 grievances related to unfair treatment, refusal to approve an application and performance assessment and salary problems.

“Of the 300 grievances, 151 (50%) have been concluded and 149 remained pending as at end of 30 September 2025,” Public Service Commission (PSC) Commissioner Anele Gxoyiya said.

Addressing the media in Pretoria on Monday, Gxoyiya explained that of the 151 concluded cases, 13 (9%) were substantiated, 37 (25%) were unsubstantiated, four were partially substantiated, 17 (11%) were internally resolved within departments following the PSC’s intervention and the remaining 80 (53%) were closed for various reasons, including those that were also pending before different sectoral bargaining councils, the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration or courts.

“Others were withdrawn by the aggrieved employees, whereas others were closed after being resolved by the departments,” he said.

Gxoyiya said the 300 grievances – including the 112 cases carried over from the previous financial year – comprised of 278 for employees on salary levels 2-12 and 22 for members of the Senior Management Service (“SMS members”).  

“Of the 278 grievances of employees on salary levels 2 to 12, 144 were concluded, of which 130 (90%) were concluded within 150 working days of receipt by the PSC investigators,” he said.

According to Gxoyiya, of the 22 grievances of SMS members, seven were concluded, of which six (86%) were concluded within 150 working days of receipt by the PSC investigators.

“Poor compliance by departments, with the timeframes prescribed in Resolution 14 of 2002 for grievances of employees on salaries level 2 to 12, and Chapter 10 of the SMS Handbook, continues to be a concern for the PSC,” he said.

According to the National Treasury’s Annual Report on Late Payments of Supplier Invoices for the 2024/25 financial year, the number of invoices paid after 30 days by national departments was 143 245 invoices with the rand value of R6.4 billion as at end of the financial year.

“This indicates a regression of 32% or 34 328 invoices when compared to number of invoices paid after 30 days by national departments in the 2023/24 financial year,” Gxoyiya said.

The National Treasury report indicates the number of invoices older than 30 days and not paid by national departments at the end of March 2025 amounting to 2 437 invoices with a rand value of R381 million.

“National Treasury Instruction No. 34 requires departments to submit 30 days exception reports to the National Treasury,” he said.

Gxoyiya said the 15 national departments that paid all their invoices within 30 days as per legislative requirements and did not record any invoice paid after 30 days nor any outstanding invoices during the period under review.

“This translates to 38% of national departments that complied out of 40 departments,” he said.

The total number of invoices older than 30 days and not paid by the national departments as at the end of the 2024/25 financial year amounted to 2 437 invoices, representing a regression of 1 010 invoices or 71% when compared to the total number of invoices older than 30 days and not paid as at the end of 2023/24 financial year which amounted to 1 427 invoices.

“These departments are the main contributors of late or non-payment of invoices,” Gxoyiya said.

The following are the common reasons provided by national and provincial departments for the late or nonpayment of invoices during the 2024/25 financial year:

  • Inadequate budgets and cash blocking;
  • Financial system challenges (BAS and LOGIS)
  • Central Supplier Database (CSD) challenges
  • High accruals from previous financial years
  • Disputed invoices with suppliers
  • Unresolved SCM-related challenges
  • Internal control deficiencies
  • Inadequate internal capacity
  • Late processing and authorisation of invoices and
  • Misfiled, misplaced or unrecorded invoices. 

With regard to provinces, Gxoyiya said the non-payment of invoices within 30 days remains a concern to the Commission and that it is a violation of the Public Finance Management Act.

“Consequence management should be instituted against Accounting Officers who fail to pay service providers within 30 days upon receipt of an invoice,” he said. – SAnews.gov.za

South Africa’s flagship telescope at 20: an eye on the sky and on the community

Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Vanessa McBride, Science Director, International Science Council; University of Cape Town

The Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) celebrates 20 years of observing the sky. SALT is the largest optical telescope in the southern hemisphere. It’s been steadily revealing new science knowledge, ranging from the discovery of planets outside our solar system to understanding the unusual physics around black holes. It’s also 20 years of doing science for society.

SALT is where I conducted much of my PhD research. I’d grown up in rural Eastern Cape, marvelling at the diamond night skies. My first fascination for astronomy was sparked when learning about the concept of SALT at a science fest in high school. Years later, I received the first SALT Stobie scholarship for PhD study. It was a dream opportunity to start a multi-year observing campaign.

My research sought to understand how mass moves from one star to another in a gravitationally bound pair. This contributed to the scientific understanding of how these stars evolve in different environments. So it’s with a sense of personal, professional and national pride that I look back on the last two decades of SALT’s achievements.

Africa’s giant eye in the sky

One of SALT’s most significant scientific achievements was based on its ability to respond rapidly to time-critical astronomical events. This allowed SALT to observe the immediate optical glow from a gravitational wave event in 2017, providing a crucial piece of evidence for the type of nuclear processes taking place in the gravitational wave event.

Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime caused by moving masses, and have only been observable with special detectors since 2015. The plateau on which SALT is built, just outside the town of Sutherland in South Africa’s largest province the Northern Cape, is one of the darkest observing sites in the the world. This makes it an excellent site from which to observe very low brightness objects in the night sky.

In 2022, SALT observed a nearby but faint galaxy, which showed unusually low levels of elements heavier than hydrogen. This unexpected result challenged our understanding of how and when stars begin to form within galaxies. With a repertoire of over 600 scientific publications based on observations from the telescope, SALT has certainly made an impact on our knowledge of the cosmos.

Funded by a consortium of international partners which were led by South Africa’s National Research Foundation, SALT represented an increase of 30x in light gathering capacity compared to the Radcliffe telescope – the previous biggest in South Africa. At concept phase, even astronomers had to be encouraged to think big. The original plans were for a 4 metre class telescope, but it was not audacious enough for a government that wanted to showcase South Africa’s prowess and potential in science.

Engineers and scientists worked with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope in the US to replicate a unique and cost-effective design. Smaller mirror segments were easier and cheaper to manufacture to the required smoothness specifications, and these smaller hexagonal segments could fit together like a honeycomb to create a mirror of 11 metres in diameter. The telescope was designed to point at a fixed angle above the horizon. This meant less warping of the mirror, but a more complicated observing strategy, as astronomers would have to wait for sky to pass over SALT’s pointing direction.

A telescope with heart

SALT was conceived just as South Africa was coming out of the shadow of apartheid. Apartheid – a policy of institutionalised racism – was dismantled in 1994 through South Africa’s first democratic election. In 1996 the new government had written an ambitious white paper setting out a vision for science in a country reborn, where it felt like anything and everything was possible:

Scientific endeavour is not purely utilitarian in its objectives and has important associated cultural and social values. It is also important to maintain a basic competence in ‘flagship’ sciences such as physics and astronomy for cultural reasons. Not to offer them would be to take a negative view of our future – the view that we are a second class nation, chained forever to the treadmill of feeding and clothing ourselves.

SALT has always been more than just a science infrastructure project. It has heart too. Unemployment is a major issue in Sutherland. Fetal alcohol syndrome is also a challenge people battle with in the region, and, through the years of its construction, South Africa was deep into the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Alongside the investment in engineering and science, was a plan to ensure benefit to previously disadvantaged South Africans, especially the rural community in the Northern Cape. Even today, 20 years after SALT was inaugurated, a fraction of the operation costs that are contributed by all SALT partners, local and international, go into this collateral benefits programme.

The results are a library, skills training centre and a high school mathematics and science teacher in Sutherland. Most recently, the SALT partners and South Africa’s Department of Science, Technology and Innovation, have contributed to a renovated trauma room, for victims of gender-based violence, in the Sutherland police station. In its early years, this programme also trained astronomers through the funding of graduate programmes.

Beyond the horizon

Now, this new generation of South African scientists and engineers is at the helm. For the first time in the 200-year history of the South African Astronomical Observatory, the director is South African. Almost 80% of the staff employed in all roles across SALT, from science and operations to software and mechanical, is South African. These individuals are deeply embedded in, and leading, international science partnerships and research infrastructure projects, and the connection between science and societal development is ingrained in the DNA of these projects and partnerships.

We are often focused on the differences between “us” and “them”, it’s worth remembering the power of science, both as a mechanism for development and as a partnership to unite. This World Science Day for Peace and Development, SALT shows the capabilities science has for both peace, and development.

– South Africa’s flagship telescope at 20: an eye on the sky and on the community
– https://theconversation.com/south-africas-flagship-telescope-at-20-an-eye-on-the-sky-and-on-the-community-269234