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On June 26, 2025, about a dozen weapon-wielding men in Malawi attacked demonstrators peacefully protesting the government’s handling of upcoming national elections, Human Rights Watch said today. The police’s apparent unwillingness to intervene to stop the violence or to arrest those responsible raises grave concerns about the government’s ability to conduct the September general election in a fair and impartial manner.

The incident occurred when Citizens for Credible Elections, a local nongovernmental organization, held protests calling for an independent audit of the voters’ roll and the resignation of top officials of the Malawi Electoral Commission. While people were protesting in Lilongwe, the capital, 10 to 20 men—some wearing masks and carrying sticks, sjamboks (heavy leather whips), and large knives—attacked the demonstrators, injuring several and damaging property as well. Civil society groups and the main opposition Democratic Progressive Party allege that the assailants had links to a youth militia aligned with the ruling Malawi Congress Party (MCP). The MCP is being accused of using fear and intimidation against citizens expressing themselves in the lead-up to the September election.

“Malawian authorities need to investigate this brutal attack on peaceful demonstrators and ensure that those responsible are appropriately punished,” said Idriss Ali Nassah, senior Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch. “For Malawians to have confidence in the fairness of the upcoming election, they need to be sure the police will respond promptly and impartially to threats or acts violence, no matter who is responsible.”

Government and law enforcement agencies are responsible for upholding the fundamental rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly and for ensuring that demonstrators can safely protest in line with Malawi’s constitution and international standards. The electoral commission’s unwillingness to allow various local organizations access to voter rolls to inspect it for any inconsistencies that can lead to vote rigging has heightened citizens and civil society’s concerns about the fairness of the elections.

Sylvester Namiwa, head of the Center for Democracy and Economic Development Initiatives and the chief organizer of the protests, told Human Rights Watch that as the protest was about to begin, assailants attacked those who had gathered. He said that while police and other law enforcement officers looked on, the men severely beat him, dragged him toward a Toyota SUV, and attempted to abduct him. He added that he escaped the attempted abduction when police fired tear gas. The attackers then stole a public address system that the protesters were using, damaged several vehicles, and set two cars on fire.

Namiwa was treated for his injuries at a local hospital.

A member of Citizens for Credible Elections said that as assailants beat her up, she pleaded with the police for protection. They did not intervene, and the attack left her with a cut on her hand and back injuries.

Local human rights activists and journalists covering the demonstrations corroborated demonstrators’ accounts, saying that they witnessed police officers watching and not doing anything to protect the protesters, even when it was clear that protesters’ lives were in danger. No assailants were arrested; additionally, police did not respond to media queries about law enforcement’s response to the attacks.

In November 2024, opposition parties and civil society organizations alleged that the MCP had organized the violent attack of a demonstration for electoral reforms by masked men with weapons. At that time, witnesses accused law enforcement officers of standing by while the masked men assaulted peaceful protesters, just as they did at the June 26, 2025 protests.

Governments have an obligation under international law to respect, facilitate, and protect the right to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. Malawi is party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, which sets out these rights. The United Nations Human Rights Committee, the international expert body that monitors compliance with the ICCPR, has stated in a general comment that governments have “positive duties to facilitate peaceful assemblies and to make it possible for participants to achieve their objectives.”

The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Association and Assembly state that “the rights to freedom of association and assembly are fundamental rights that should underpin all democratic societies in which individuals can freely express their views on all issues concerning their society.” Furthermore, when people express these rights, states are mandated to “protect associations, including their principal and most visible members, from threats, harassment, interference, intimidation or reprisals by third parties and non-state actors.”

“The Malawian government needs to uphold human rights and the rule of law by investigating, arresting, and appropriately prosecuting both the attackers and those behind the violence,” Nassah said. “Ahead of a crucial general election in September, authorities need to send a strong message that human rights violations will not be tolerated.”

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Human Rights Watch (HRW).

The shareholders of multilateral financial institution the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) have appointed Dr. George Elombi as President and Chairman of the Board of Directors. Dr. Elombi succeeds Professor Benedict Oramah to become the fourth president since the bank’s establishment in 1993. The move signals a strategic shift for the institution as it strives to become a $250 billion bank in the next 10 years.

As the voice of the African energy sector, the African Energy Chamber (AEC) congratulates Dr. Elombi on his appointment as President and Chair. In this capacity, Dr. Elombi is poised to play an instrumental part in leading the bank’s long-term objectives. At a time when Africa is seeking to alleviate energy poverty, enhance industrialization and accelerate low-term and sustainable development, institutions such as Afreximbank play a vital role in financing African energy projects and trade efforts. Under the leadership of Dr. Elombi, Afreximbank is well-positioned to play an even greater role in transforming Africa’s energy industry.

Over the years, Dr. Elombi has held various positions at Afreximbank, including Chair of the Emergency Response Committee – where he mobilized over $2 billion for vaccine acquisition and deployment across Africa and the Caribbean – and head of the Equity Mobilization and Investor Relations department. In this position, he supported the bank as it increased its total ordinary equity to $3.6 billion as of April 2025. Looking ahead, Dr. Elombi has committed to ensuring Afreximbank serves as a force for industrializing Africa and regaining the dignity of Africans wherever they are. He has vowed to not only preserving Afreximbank as a valuable and strategic asset in Africa, but to realize the shareholders’ goal of establishing the bank as a $250 billion financial institution within the next ten years. This will have a significant impact on Africa’s energy sector, offering a vital source of financing for a variety of impactful energy projects – from upstream oil and gas to downstream infrastructure to power, technology, trade and development.

“Afreximbank is embarking on a new chapter with the appointment of Dr. Elombi as President and Chairman of the Board of Directors. This chapter is expected to be marked by growth and transformation as Dr. Elombi works to realize the goals set out by the Afreximbank shareholders. Afreximbank has a critical role to play in Africa – from financing major projects to supporting regional trade initiatives to coordinating between global and African partners. The AEC commends Dr. Elombi on his appointment and looks forward to working with him to unlock the full potential of Africa’s energy resources,” states NJ Ayuk, Executive Chairman of the AEC.

Dr. Elombi will assume the position in September 2025, taking over from Professor Oramah who has held the role since 2015. Under Oramah’s leadership, Afreximbank strengthened its institutional and financial capacity through the introduction of innovative financing mechanisms and involvement in multi-faceted projects. Major milestones included the launch of the African Energy Bank in collaboration with the African Petroleum Producers Organization.

The bank uniquely mobilizes financing to support investments across Africa’s entire energy spectrum in line with the continent’s energy needs and environmental sustainability targets. The bank has an initial share capital of $5 billion and is on the precipice of being launched. The bank also increased its portfolio of project and trade financing in Africa, further strengthening its position as a major financier across the continent. By 2026, the bank is on track to double its intra-African trade financing from $20 billion in 2021 to $40 billion in 2026. The funding is expected to support infrastructure development under the broader African Continental Free Trade Agreement.

“Professor Oramah has played an instrumental role in Africa’s energy sector, with his relentless pursuit of development unlocking greater benefits for the energy and trade industries. Over the past 10 years, he has not only strengthened Afreximbank’s role as an African financier but laid a strong foundation for future growth and development. His legacy is one defined by innovation and vision,” adds Ayuk.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of African Energy Chamber.

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In a strategic initiative aimed at enhancing mpox outbreak response and genomic surveillance capacity, the Central Public Health Reference Laboratory (CPHRL) in Freetown hosted the mpox Genomics and Bioinformatics training workshop  from 23rd – 27th June 2025. The event was organized under the theme: “Strengthening Genomic Surveillance Capacity for mpox Response in Sierra Leone,” with technical and financial support from the World Health Organization (WHO AFRO and WHO Sierra Leone).  The training program targeted 15 participants, including laboratory scientists, public health professionals, and epidemiologists from across Sierra Leone.

Despite reporting over 4,400 confirmed cases of mpox as of 27th June 2025, Sierra Leone has performed genomic characterization on only approximately 2.5% of these cases (108 sequences), representing a significant limitation in understanding viral evolution and informing targeted public health interventions. Currently, these genomic data are deposited in international repositories such as Pathoplexus, GISAID, and NCBI Virus; however, the disparity between outbreak detection and genomic data generation hampers real-time surveillance efforts. 

The Ministry of Health and Sanitation (MoHS) and the Sierra Leone National Public Health Agency (SLNPHA) of Sierra Leone have prioritized strengthening genomic surveillance to enable rapid outbreak detection, track viral transmission, and inform policy decisions. Allan Campbell, Laboratory Lead at CPHRL, emphasized the significance of this training, stating, “This marks a pivotal moment in Sierra Leone’s national response to mpox. 

The initiative addresses the substantial bioinformatics capacity gap and establishes a foundation for sustainable genomic surveillance that can directly inform public health actions.” The workshop aligns with the objectives outlined in the WHO African Region (AFRO) Joint Continental mpox Response Plan 2.0, focusing on intensification, integration, and establishing a sustainable legacy in genomic epidemiology.

The week-long workshop employed a multidisciplinary, hands-on approach combining didactic instruction, practical exercises, and group data analysis. The curriculum included:

• Day 1: Introduction to genomic surveillance principles, sequencing technologies, and foundational bioinformatics tools such as Linux and Conda environments.

• Day 2: Emphasis on sequencing data quality control (FastQC, MultiQC), read trimming (Fastp, Hostile), and genome assembly techniques utilizing reference-based (BWA, Cutadapt) and de novo (SPAdes) approaches.

• Day 3: Variant detection and analysis (SAMtools, FreeBayes, Snippy), consensus sequence generation (Bcftools), and genome annotation (SnpEff, VEP).

• Day 4: Phylogenetic analysis, clade classification (Nextclade, Nextstrain), and visualization using platforms such as GISAID, Pathoplexus, NCBI Virus, Microreact, iTOL, and Galaxy.

• Day 5: Integration of all components through a case study simulating mpox outbreak response, culminating in data interpretation and strategic planning.

Walter Oguta, WHO AFRO EPI Analytics Specialist and the Lead Bioinformatics Trainer, underscored the practical value of the training, stating, “Translating genomic data into actionable public health strategies is the ultimate goal. Our aim was to equip participants with both technical proficiency and confidence to utilize these tools effectively.”

Doris Harding, Laboratory Pillar Lead at the SLNPHA, highlighted the broader implications: “Strengthening our capacity for genomic surveillance is no longer optional—it is essential. This initiative empowers our scientists to respond more effectively to mpox and other emerging pathogens.” Similarly, Jonathan Greene, WHO Sierra Leone Laboratory Lead, articulated the importance of workforce development, asserting, “Building a skilled, locally capable workforce is central to WHO’s strategy for resilient health systems. The use of genomics is transforming outbreak intelligence, enabling a shift from reactive to proactive responses.” 

Dr. Ameh George, WHO Representative in Sierra Leone, emphasized the strategic importance of institutionalizing genomic surveillance: “Genomics is redefining outbreak science. Sierra Leone must lead in generating and utilizing genomic data to inform policy and strengthen global health security. WHO remains committed to supporting this transformation.”

Participants and stakeholders concurred that this training initiative constitutes a long-term investment in Sierra Leone’s epidemic preparedness, response and resilience. By decentralizing sequencing capabilities and integrating genomic data into national decision-making processes, the program aspires to support regional efforts for early detection and rapid response to outbreaks.

The workshop concluded with the issuance of certificates of completion and a networking session aimed at fostering collaboration and innovation in public health genomics. As Sierra Leone advances its surveillance infrastructure, the overarching goal remains to elevate genomic data from an underutilized resource to a central element of outbreak response and epidemic intelligence, thereby strengthening national and regional health security.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of World Health Organization – Sierra Leone.